A Bozeman Veterinarian’s Guide to Cold-Weather Pet Safety
By Dr. John Ellington
The long, warm days of summer have come to an end, leaving us with smoke-free air and an unobstructed view of the towering mountains that line the horizon in every direction. Soon, that subtle dusting will creep down into the valleys, likely to stay until spring.
Bozeman and the surrounding areas receive around eighty inches of snow each year and often experience weeks at a time when temperatures barely reach freezing. Since most forecasts this year seem to call for a colder and wetter winter than last, it’s wise to start physically and mentally preparing our families, pets included.
How Cold Is Too Cold for Dogs and Cats?
Dogs and cats should never be housed solely outdoors without a heat source in the wintertime in Montana, for any reason.
Generally speaking, if temperatures are above freezing, most breeds of dogs will tolerate extended time outside as long as they’re dry and active. Between 20° and 32° F, the risk of hypothermia begins to rise for most breeds. Below 20° F, extreme caution is warranted to prevent hypothermia and frostbite. On days below 0° F, enjoy a nice movie next to the fireplace with your dogs and cats.
Be Prepared
- Accessorize with vests and jackets to help your pet retain body heat
- Consider dog boots to protect paw pads from painful snow balls
- Buy a light-up collar or harness for dark winter walks
- Shovel a small area of the yard for bathroom trips
- Stock your car with emergency supplies: traction mats, hand warmers, blankets, food and water, first aid kit
- Tell someone where you’re going if hiking or skiing with your dog
When Is It an Emergency?
If your dog or cat has spent time out in the cold and you notice lethargy, weakness, shallow breathing, shivering, dilated pupils, pale gums, loss of consciousness, or muscle stiffness, treat it as an emergency and bring your pet to a veterinarian immediately. A normal rectal temperature for dogs and cats is 99–102° F.
If you’re ever worried about your pet during the colder months, call us at (406) 587-5537. We’re here to help.